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3 February 2025|Compliance in mission planning, Pre-launch compliance Launching a CubeSat requires meticulous regulatory compliance to ensure legal operation in space and prevent interference with global communications. This guide is the first in a three-part series, covering pre-launch compliance requirements for the FCC (United States), ITU (International), and Ofcom (United Kingdom). Future guides will delve into in-orbit compliance and post-mission decommissioning…

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Roman Seling

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Pre-Launch Compliance for CubeSat Missions: FCC compliance

3 February 2025|Compliance in mission planning, Pre-launch compliance

Launching a CubeSat requires meticulous regulatory compliance to ensure legal operation in space and prevent interference with global communications. This guide is the first in a three-part series, covering pre-launch compliance requirements for the FCC (United States), ITU (International), and Ofcom (United Kingdom). Future guides will delve into in-orbit compliance and post-mission decommissioning requirements.

1. FCC Pre-Launch Compliance (United States)

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates spectrum use for U.S.-based CubeSat operators and those launching from U.S. territory.

Key Steps for FCC Compliance:

  1. Obtain an Experimental or Commercial License:
    • Most CubeSat missions fall under the Experimental (Part 5) or Commercial (Part 25) satellite service licenses.
    • Apply through the International Bureau Filing System (IBFS) (FCC IBFS).
    • Provide a detailed mission description, communication plan, and operational lifetime.
  1. Frequency Coordination:
    • Identify an appropriate frequency band (e.g., Amateur Radio (Part 97), Earth Exploration, or Fixed-Satellite Services).
    • If using amateur bands, coordinate with ARRL (American Radio Relay League) and IARU (International Amateur Radio Union).
    • Justify why selected frequencies are required and conduct interference mitigation assessments.
  1. Debris Mitigation Plan:
    • Submit a comprehensive orbital debris mitigation plan to comply with NASA (Orbital Debris Program Office) and FCC deorbit requirements.
    • Describe disposal methods, probability of collision, and measures taken to prevent space debris generation.
  1. Public Notice & Review:
    • Applications undergo a public comment period before FCC approval.
    • Typical approval timeline: 4–6 months.
    • Be prepared for requests for modifications or clarifications from FCC officials.

Penalties for Non-Compliance:

Failure to comply with FCC regulations may lead to denied launch approvals, fines, or legal action.

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